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A library is a file containing compiled code from various object files stuffed into a single file. It may contain a group of functions that are used in a particular context. For example, the ‘pthread’ library is used when thread related functions are to be used in the program. Broadly, a library (or Program Library) [...]

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While developing a program, the programmer has to keep several things in mind like the code should not be complex ie it should be maintainable, portability is another area that is to be kept in mind. So we see that there are some good practices that the programmer should follow in order to produce a [...]

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7 Linux df Command Examples

df command in Linux provides disk space usage information of your file systems. Even if you already know about this command, probably one of the examples mentioned below might be new to you. A sample output from df command is as follows: $ df Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/sda1 132239776 6210884 119311504 [...]

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UNIX / Linux Processes: C fork() Function

Every running instance of a program is known as a process. The concept of processes is fundamental to the UNIX / Linux operating systems. A process has its own identity in form of a PID or a process ID. This PID for each process is unique across the whole operating system. Also, each process has its [...]

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Ettercap Tutorial: DNS Spoofing & ARP Poisoning Examples

Ettercap stands for Ethernet Capture. Ettercap is a comprehensive suite for man in the middle attacks. It features sniffing of live connections, content filtering on the fly and many other interesting tricks. It supports active and passive dissection of many protocols and includes many features for network and host analysis. Download and Install Download the [...]

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5 UNIX / Linux Traceroute Command Examples

There are scenarios in which one would like to know the route which a connection follows. By route here we mean the IP addresses of all the forwarding entities (like routers in between). Although there is no guarantee that the route will remain same for all the packets of a connection but usually it is [...]

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If you try to follow the how to install Apache with SSL article that we discussed a while back, you’ll face an issue during “make” because of version compatibility between Apache 2.4.4 and APR utilities (Apache Portable Runtime Library) that comes with CentOS 6. We’ve explained in this article how to solve that issue to [...]

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In the previous article of this series, we discussed about the basic principles of IP routing and the steps involved in IP routing. In this article we will look a bit closely at some of the other aspects related to IP routing. Linux IP Routing series: part 1, part 2, part 3 (this article). Lets [...]

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